SPREAD OF RELIGION
Confucianism
Founded by Confucius around 6-5th century BCE in China. It spread to Korea, Japan and Vietnam. The sacred texts are called the Analects and they believe Heaven is positive and they are optimistic with human nature and potential.
SPICE CHART
S
Song Dynasty: extended family households, male dominated hierarchy, female commoners declined, schools/temples built, Postal Service, women gain legal rights,
Delhi Sunates: Turkic invasions, sultanate, Hindus accepted as dhimmi(<- People of the book), adoption of chess, literature, adoption of Indian dress,
Seljuk Empire: young start to military, slaves,
Aztec: -Women (subordinate) were secluded in households and were skilled in weaving, Majority farmed, Warriors could obtain nobility, Merchant acted as spies-
Inca: Women wove cloths and took care of household, Men=peasant and herders, Nobility expressed by attire and custom, Many arranged marriages Incan socialism (mita)
Medieval Europe: Feudal society: kings, nobles/barons(chivalry), knights, serfs(coerced labor), three estates:clergy, nobles, peasant
Mongol: social classes - nobility and commoners, patriarchy increased in agricultural civilizations, decreased in nomadic clan based tribes--
Abbasid Caliphate: rejected old allies, bureaucrats, servants, slaves worked within Baghdad, Caliph = religious/political leader, merchants became rich; trade very respected, artisans = developed guilds, worked in workshops but produced fine textiles, carpets, and glassware,
P
Song Dynasty:official slaves increased, civil service exams,
Delhi Sunates: Rajput kings in Northwest, Mahmud of Ghazni, Islamic bureaucracy, conquests of Timur
Siljuk Empire:large bureaucracy, abbasid caliphate,
Aztec: Capital: Tenochtitlan, Single emperor was chosen by council of nobles and priest (officials), Warriors gained land and tribute for conquered towns
Inca: Capital: Cuzco, Absolute rule under emperor,Inca was title and had divine status and believed to be son of Sun god,Gov't controlled the people
Medieval Europe: feudalism: organized government - king + nobles---> for protection of the peasants by nobles, lots of war and fighting
Mongols: Invasions, united tribes, expansion, leaders are chosen by talent, Genghis Khan - leader of Mongols, 4 khanates - different in taking over and rule
Abbasid Caliphate: centralized absolutist imperial order formed, bureaucratization = reflected growing power of caliph, Christians failed to permanently recapture Holy Land with the major reason being Saladin (great Islamic warrior),when Mongols collapsed Baghdad, kept going where they were defeated by Egyptian slave soldiers (Mamaluks) ; Mongols then retreated cause a powervoid to be filled by Ottoman Turks under Osman (forged 1st gunpowder empire)
I
Song Dynasty: trade, ships through indian ocean, artistic/ literacy increased,
Delhi Sunates: expansion of cotton plantations under Sultanate, interactions of doctrina/ socially different religions,
Seljuk Empire: barrier against mongols-
Aztec: Aqueducts and canals were made, Stone causeways,Used herbs and medicine to cure fevers and wounds
Inca: irrigation system, terraces (step farming), road system, Road runners were messengers,Quipu (colorful knots) instead of writing system
Medieval Europe: Agricultural - horses plow, crops, woolen textiles
Mongols: gunpowder and printing along silk roads,
Abbasid Caliphate: dhows = ships that carried goods; lateen sails; navigational equip, nonreligious art could portray humans, luxury items = glassware, jewelry, tapestries, Byzantine (Greco-Roman )domes and arches
C
Song Dynasty: focused on confucian, neo confucion,
Delhi Sunates:-rise of bhakti movement, rise of Krishna worship, Mira Bai and Chaitanya, Sufis, Rumi
Selijuk Empire: big military, muslim
Aztec: Polytheistic, Priest held power, Main god = Sun god,Human sacrifices, temples
Inca: polytheistic, Priest held power, Main god = Sun god,Human sacrifices, temples
Medieval Europe: christianity, missionaries go west Europe, political tensions between popes and king,corruption/change from within, critics, missionaries - north Europe, permeates peoples lives / sacraments, art, education, philosophy
Mongols: shamanistic religion, tolerant towards other religions, no major "arts"
Abbasid Caliphate: more converts, Sunni dominated, Tolerant, Trade spread Islam into Afghanistan, Pakistan and Western China because of Silk road and East, West Africa, as well as Spice Islands, 1095 - Seljuk Turks invade Palestine and initiate the Crusades last until 1291 (even after empire collapses)
E
Song Dynasty: gunpowder, flamethrower, grenade firearm, canon,
Delhi Sunates: Muslim trade contact, 700's, Indian numerals in trade, Muslims rule port city, Goa, important port
Selijuk Empires: Turkey
Aztec: Valley of Mexico, Swampland, Similar to Incas, Aqueducts like Romans as well as imperial conquest, used tribute system like Mongols
Inca: Andes Mountain, Modern day Peru to Chile,Terrace farming,Similar to Aztecs, roads comparable to Rome and China and Imperial conquests
Medieval Europe: little ice age, deforestation, population decrease bc of plague,
Mongols: influence in many types of places and environments.
Abbasid Caliphate: dominated Indian Ocean/Asian Sea trade network,purchase of land,new commercial enterprises